GotoAID - Frostbite

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Frostbite

A localized cold injury of frostbite can occur when a part of the body is exposed to extremely low temperature and partially or completely freezes. This typically occurs in areas away from the core of the body, such as fingers, toes, nose, and ears. Frostbite must be properly managed to minimize tissue damage.

Symptoms

Pale, cold, or solid skin tissue	Throbbing
Pins and needles sensation	Numbness

Steps

Move the person to a warmer place

Remove any tight or constrictive clothing like gloves, boots, and rings from the affected area.

Place clean pads between frostbitten fingers and/or toes.

Do not actively warm the affected area.

Calm, comfort, and reassure person.

Seek medical attention without delay.

If access to EMS is not available then immerse frostbitten areas in warm water (100°F to 105°F) for 20-to-30 minutes. Check and maintain water temperature often

Warnings

Be safe! Make sure repeated injury does not occur.

In general, it is difficult to re-warm and thaw frostbitten body parts. Re-warming is a process best left to professional medical care.

DO NOT re-warm the frostbitten part if there is a chance refreezing may occur.

DO NOT rub or massage the affected area or disturb blisters on frostbitten skin.

DO NOT place activated chemical warm packs directly on frozen tissue.

Never give the person alcoholic beverages. They do not help and may be harmful.

Tips

Severe burning pain, swelling, and color changes may occur during the re-warming.

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